Etails



` 2 Sheets-Sheet1- A R. ROSS. MACHINE FOR FIITISPIING` HORSESHOE NAILS. VNo.1'7z,6 50. 'Patented un. 25,1876

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R. ROSS. MACHINE Fon FINIsHnG HoRsEsHoE NAILs. No.1'72,660. X 'Patented Jan. 25,1876.

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@iwf-Jim N.PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAFMER. WASHINGTON. Dj).

PATENT OFFICE lROBERT Ross, `or vEReENNns, vERMoNT.

AI'IYVIFR'OVEMENT INM-ACHINES FOR FINISHING HORSESHENAILS.

` Specification forming partff Letters Patent No. 172,660, dated January 25, 1876; application filed Novemberl, 1672.

To alllwhom it may concer/n:

*Be it 4known that I, ROBERT Ross, of Ver?Y vgennes, inthe county vof Addison and State Aofr IVermont, have invented'an Improved Ma` chine for the Manufacture of 'Horse-Nails, of which the following isfa specification The machinetowhich my improvementsre- 'latehas for its object the rolling, pointing, and ffinishing of horse-nailswhich have been approximately shaped by other means; and the various features of improvement ran-ge vthemselvesin three groupsfas follows First, the `feeding mechanism,by `which the `nailblanks, `when received into thel machine, Vare 'carried forward successively to the rolling and to the poi-ntin g and trimming devices ;-second, ltlherolling mechanism, by' which the faces of I*thenail are Vrendered smooth, a symmetrical -taper is -se'cured,and the body ofthe nail is vlIcompa'cted, and its bers theleby strengthened? '-and1-lnadeanore tenacious; third, the pointing -andfftrianmirrg devices, by means Of which the; 1requisitebevel for 4horse-nails is `introduced l*upon-fone-surface ofthelpoint, and all'surplus vmetaldually trimmed cif'fromthe point and; *sides of-thenail. 1 y `In the aecolml-)anying drawings;composefh Vlof two-plates, Figurel isa vertical indirect! @cross-section* through theplanes indicated by linesfwtof Fig. A3; the *plan below-being. pro-l` l'ected tof-show the arrangement-ot fthe leversf` fandcam-sl foroperating the rolling and trim- {ming dies. Figt2 is a` plan view ofthe machine. Fig.-13'pr"esents a view of -theside of' the'rolling mechanism With'thecurved-roll lever removed `to "show-the interiorworking pa`rts.V Fig-4 is an enlarged view of the roll-block? Fig. 5 isa plan ofthe sli'dingbarfor operatf ling'vth'e die-carriage. `Fig.6 is a vertical sec?, "tion ofthe IrollingV diel `and carriage on the' linel Vfz-z,l`ig;"5. Fig. 7-isaside view of the bell-g "cianlrlever 'fori-operatin g the jaws on the trim lining-dies 5 u1d'l `.i. 8 is-an enlarged viewfof? the worm-wheelandendless screwffor trans-I fmitting mot-ion fromlthe main shaft to the feeding'mechanism. The feeding mechanism'comprises the fol-i flowing parts, fas designated by the respective2 lettersF upon thedrawings -The crank A, thev pawl B, the ratchet-wheel C, the en'dlessscrew D, the wormwheel E, the vertical shaft F, the

i :feed-wheel G, and the inner andouter concentric guide-rings H I. a a represent the teeth` `uponthe rim of the feed-wheel, so -shaped lin plan thatthe spaces between them will be approxi mately rectan guiar,l

`The principal parts composing the rolling mechanism are as follows; The bent lever J,

`with'its crank-pin b and curved slot c; the rollp block'K, with its bridged and adjusting-screws e e; the nail-roll L, with its friction-roll f; the `die-carriageM, provided with the -bridgeg, ad-

justing-'screw h, and spring It', and carrying the rolldie composed of the central parteand the two side pieces j j; the grooved ca'mN and the'sliding bar O,ititted with the diagonalprojection k.

The variousparts of the pointingandtrimming mechanism are designated as follows:

The punch-stock P 5 bherock-shaft Q; the lever- R, with its slot Zand'eccentricm; the lieveling.

punch S;the beveling-die T; the trimming- `punch V; the trimmingdies l/V and the-centering devices, consisting of the arms n a, the bell-crank levers ov o', and spring p.

The uprights w w ww and the table X constitute the frame of the machine, upon which the operative part-s are supported; and Y'vis'the main'shaft. The main shaft rests in bearingssuitably 4attached to any of the -uprights adjacent to each other. =niotion :in any convenient manner from the ldriving-power, and transmits it in turn, by r'means of its eccentrics, cams, and crank, to the It receives working parts ofthe machine:

The principal parts ot' the f'eedingmecllan- *ism Iare the horizontal ratchet feed-wheel,

which is caused to revolve with an intermittent motion, and the two concentric guiderings. These guide-rings are elevated Ythe revquired height above the table, being supported u-pon independent series ot' standards r r r and s s s. The outer one of these rings is fmade of such diameter as exactly to inclose the feed-wheel, with only play enough between ythe two to permit the easy movement of the -w-heel. The spaces between the teeth upon the periphery ofthe feed-wheel are largef enough to permit the head of the naillblanl;

to drop through them, while theannularspace between the two guide-rings is wide enough to receive the shank of the nail, but not wide in the rim of the Wheel.

enough to permit the head of the nail to pass.

The inner guide-ring, moreover, is placed atbetweenthe guide-rings, the teeth on the feedwheel are prolonged downward below the general plane of the'under side of the wheel, as v vshown at t t, these prolongations striking against the heads of the nails as the wheel revolves.`

The inner guide-ring is broken away at a point opposite to the trimming-die, to permit the nails to be discharged rearward into and through, thisdie. y

It is necessary that the feed-wheel'shonld revolve with an intermittent motion, since the` nail must be brought to a state of rest before both the rolling and the pointing 4mechanisms, and so remain long enough for these devices to -perform their respective functions. This intermittent motion is secured by mounting the ,wheel upon a vertical shaft, which carries a worm-wheel upon its'lower end, the teeth of this worm-wheel meshing with the threads.

of an endless screw upon the horizontal shaft which carries the ratchet-wheel, actuated by a pawl receiving its motion from a crank, orV

other equivalent device, upon the main shaft. At each revolution of the main shaft the ratchet-wheel will be advanced one tooth, this wheel, and, ofcourse, thefeed-wheel also,'re

maining at rest during the time occupied by the crank in withdrawing the pawl from one tooth and engaging it with the next; and the, pitch :of the thread of the endless screw must; be so adjusted with reference to the numberv of teeth upon'the ratchet-Wheel, as well as the number upon the worm-wheelv and upon the feed-wheel, that at each revolution of the main shaft the feed-wheel will be advanced through a space equal to the distance from the 'middle of any one of the notches on its periphery to Fur-s the middle of the notch next adjacent. thermore, the arrangement' of parts must be such as that when the feed-wheel is broughtI to a state of rest, the. middle of one of the notches in its periphery will be found imme-j diatelyabove and in front of themiddle of theE rolling-die, the middle of the correspondingl lnotch on the opposite side of the feed-wheel being at the lsame moment brought opposite to the-trimming-die, and the middle 'of' the notch next preceding this. being 'left'in' front and corresponding spiral grooves formed between the threads of the endlessscrew. The

adjusting-screw V! will at any 'time carry the endless screw into more intimate contact with the worm-wheel, the edge of the thread of the V'screw entering the above-described grooves between the teeth of the wheel, and the points 4ofthese teeth entering the spiral groove out at the base of the thread which forms the endless screw. As shown in the drawings, the frame which 'supports the endless screw is hield to its4 support by means of a screw-bolt passing upy through a slot, this slot permitting any requisite degree of adjustment of frame.

.The rolling devices consist, in the main, of a bent lever` pivoted to an adjustable frame,

X, and carrying the rollupon its free end,

-and of a compound die, which', through the medium of the carriageupon which it rests,

has a reciprocatingmotion `imparted to it by connection with-the grooved cam-upon the main shaft. The roll-lever is pivoted to the adjustable-frame by means of pins passing' which operates this lever, is so adjusted with reference to the grooved cam from which the reciprocating movements of the'die-.carria'ge are derived, aswell as the position of the crank from which the feed-wheel derives its intermittent motion, that the die-carriage is not advanced until, ,at each revolution of the mainpshaft, the feed-wheel has'been brought toa state of rest, and the nail-roll. does not begin its work until the die has been advanced against the nail to be rolled. After the roll hasv passed over the face of the nail,

pressingit into the die, and thus shaping-it and smoothing its surfaces, the die'is retracted from contactwith the nailbefore the feedwheel receives another forward impulse frein-- the'main shaft, thus leaving Athe feed-wheel free from' any obstruction that would otherlnail wise arise-from the confinement'of'the between the roll and the die.,4

The roll-die consists of a'cen'tral piece in- .closed between two :side pieces,:the central -piece `being made tapering in its transverse lvertical section'to correspond with the taper of the two sides of a iinished. nailand-being setback from the face of the side piece'ssa trifle less than the thickness of the nail'. 'llbef` three pieces are confined, by suitable means,

in a block or carriage, which, in turn, is held to its seatby means of two` beveled blocks,;z'

z, which are fastened to. the table linsuchlia way that their beveled faces rest Aupon 'and in i ycontact with the inclined planes formed upon the .sides ofthe die-carriage. VThis block' orA .carriage is cut away transversely upon itsun- ,der side .to .permit the. movement. beneath it made adjustable by means of`4 the sliding bar.- O, by means of Vwhich its alternate advance andretrograde. movement are ettected,this eciplfocating movement being attained by means off-a pin' or diagonal tongue p upon'j the upper side .of the4 slidin'gba-r, mevingin a corresponda g; diagon al groove'formed tratedjin'the drawings, 1s to form a slot in` the centr pfiece t', through. which a pin shall pieces, vor, more conveniently, the sides of the carriage.l A stron-g spring also,. as represc1'ited--by7L/,is to b e placed at the rear of the. central piece, between it and the adjusting screw h; themasl the die-block with the two side pieces begins to move backvthe central piece will be heldl stationary bythe forcefot" the `spring,fanl`lthus the hold "of the nail will become so loosened" that it will` offer no ifm-` pednnent to the further,,movement of the die.

thereby made to partake of the rearward movement of the carriage. i l es the rolling of the nail has a tendency to benddit', it becomesv necessaryto curve the face of the die away from the roll.- .In pracA tice it is curved upon a radius of about eight inches, both the central and sidepieces hav? ing lthe same curvatures. This,l under theA pressure that would ordinarily be put upon the roll," will leave the nails. practically straight. As this curvature ofthe face of the' die causes the lower part ot' it to project farther"forward than the upper part, the point of the nail may be prevented from `striking against the side of the moreY advanced part by the use upon the tace of the inner'guidering of a guide-shield, y, so arranged, as

shown in the drawings, as to throw the point ofthe nail forward from its vert-ical position as it approaches the die.

The-amount of pressure to be applied in rolling the nail may be regulated by means ofthe sliding frame X, to which the roll-'lever is pivoted. This frame, as shown in the drawings, is located upon the table'of the machine, being se- 4 cured against lateral displacement by the two bars between which it is confined, while its position, and consequent-ly the position ofthe roll, with .reference to the face of the dies, is

of an adjustingscrew, z, which is seated in a permanent standard rising from the table, and which enters the frame. The nail-roll is of small diameter, it bepass, haring its ends resting in the side ving found in practice that such a roll is necessaryin order that the nail may not be so stiii'ened that it will not readily clinch.

ITo aid the revolution of this small roll a fric-` tion-roll of much larger diam eteris used7 the lat:

i ter bearing againstt-he periphery of the former, 'and turning with it.

The two are mounted in a common fraaie, K, which is supported inthe outer free end of the roll-lever. This frame is made adjustable toward and from the center of motion ofthe roll-lever by means of the two' screws' c seated inthe bridge d, which passes in the rear of the roll-block.

and thus the pressure against any part of the nail may'bevregulated at pleasure. The nail,

vafter being rolled, is carried forward bythe feedwheel in succession to the beveling and the trimming devices. i i

The stock to` which the lieveling-punch is attached'is borne upon a rock-shaft, Q, which i's supportedin bearings upon the side ot' the machineopposite to the main shaft, and is operated by a Slotted lever, R, embracing an eccentric upon the main shaft. The descent of this lever causes the beveling-punch to comv.press the tip of the nail between it and a die,

'l,"wh,ich hasl the form of an inclined plane projecting from the face of a stationary die!v j block seated on the table. When the pin strikes, against the end ofthe: 1; slot in the central piecerthatl piece also is" This bevels one face ofthe point of the nail, and at the next revolution of the main shaft the feed-wheel carries then ail intoposition between thetrimming-die W and the triln'ming-punch V, which latter is secured upon the sanne stock r with the be\v'eli ngpunch. By means of an adjustii'ig-screw, which ,enters the punchstock vfrom the rear, the positionl of the bevelingpunch may b e regulated at pleasure, so that `the point ofthe nails may becompressed.,

witha greater or less force. e i The trimming-die, the 'function of which is `to tr'im from the sides of the nail, and more' particularly from its point, any surplus metal,

is'placed directly opposite the'break'in the in',1`

ner guide-ring, and as the punch-stock again` advances the trimmingpunch drives the nail rearward, and forces it into andythroughthe dies, when it drops through a hole inthe table, and is discharge In this operation it isnecessary that the nails, notwithstanding any variation that may occur in their width, should be accurately centered in front of the-trimming-dies.

To effect this the bell-crank levers o are used, pivoted upon' suitable standards rising from the table, the inner ends of the levers being so fastened together that each may partake of the movements ofthe other.

To the ou ter ends of these levers, andi above and a little in front of the trimming-die, arms a are pivoted, which move in suitable ways in the upper surface of the block which carries the die, the length of the arms that when the levers are in their being su ch normal p0- By thus varying` I `the distance between the center of motion and i the voperative face ofthe roll the latter is made i to travel on a curve ot` longer or shorter radius,

Calm, 01.1 the liirivncipl'es of the invention.

il v l sition the ends of the arins vwill `be some- What less distallce apart than the width of anail, the opening between them being at the same timedirectly in frontjof the openingubetween the dies.

springs pressing against the levers "at any convenient point., `These springs also cause the ends of lthe centerin`g=arms `to approach each other when the' nail' has been driven throughjby the punch.

It is 'evident thatmany of the element-s in this machine may be varied without in any i Way', eii'e'etin-g the characteristic features of my invention'. For instance, ifl preferred, an eccentric may be substituted for the erank,as a means of operating the pawl that actuates theratehet-,wheel and communicates' the itermittent motion to the feed-Wheel Beveled gearsmay v"be used insteadfoyf` the endless `screvvand worn1-wheel, asa means ofcominun 'icating to the vertical shaft of the feedfwheel the motion derived from' the main -shaft through the p'awl and lratche't-wheel. A ypin v'projectf ing fromkthe upper surfaee of the sliding bar may `loe nsed :in lieu of the diagonal tongue shown in the drawings. In plaee'of a" ankpin working ina slot in the lever tlatac liefs the roll-stock, this 'leverf'ni'ay be l'ftedfb tliu secondary n elements of l theM machine itv is evident vthat niehanieal equivalents "nla'y be l llifdonlvllot propose',l thfefr'e"i"o1 e,l tolijxnitin inthe 'practice of my invention to fthe "pif y eonstru'ctionherein shown in allits 2d 'f mit ldesilrfrfldvhlfeby intendi() I f right'tosubstitute fOrUYoffthedevi mbe/fore. described any eduhallht Yisi'S iden I do not 'thereby fdepatt from "the I @1f-afm as, new .in insta@ desire to have protected by nettes@ Pa :1t-of me United sm-es, is;

posed ofthe two concentric guide-rings and l In order that the Anail may readily enter between these centerin'garms, n

the nwhed fsid-W 'i Y vfojecnng f1-vw the nails 'around het v 2. The combination yf' Crank, 'the nawl and@ endless 'sjcrewnandiw 4 y alents, substa al' Y 3,4 The conihin mOn-Md giu/@didst vspiral gro'ofv'f'a ct l) vv nl Y ",xwnlth the worihLwleel provided with' "grooves tvveenthe teeth, substantially as and for the PIl'S Sefth i 4; The combina "n `of the o' le 

